The "Multiple Ways" criterion is part of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). Specifically, it's criterion 2.4.5 under the Level AA guidelines. It states:
"More than one way is available to locate a Web page within a set of Web pages except where the Web Page is the result of, or a step in, a process."
In simpler terms, this means that there should be multiple methods for users to navigate to any given page on a website.
What’s the purpose of HTML site map?
User Navigation: It provides a clear, often hierarchical overview of a site's content, helping users navigate and find the information they're looking for.
Content Discovery: By presenting all of the site's links in one place, it ensures users can discover sections or articles they might have missed through standard navigation.
Accessibility: It helps users who prefer or benefit from a straightforward layout, especially those with specific accessibility needs.
Backup Navigation: If the primary navigation is confusing or fails, users can refer to the HTML sitemap to find what they're looking for.
Research
I conducted quick visual research looking at various products to see how they designed their site map. The design of the sitemap was influenced by Apple's site map.
I decided to follow Apple's site map because Apple is well-known for designing accessible products, and they were one of the first companies that made accessibility a cornerstone of their design.
